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Bookkeeping Basics

Bookkeeping Services for Small Business

"Bookkeeping services" describes work ranging from categorising a bank feed to running a complete financial back office. Two quotes for the same business can differ substantially because they are describing different work, not because one provider is expensive.

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“Bookkeeping services” describes work ranging from categorising a bank feed to running a complete financial back office. Two quotes for the same business can differ substantially because they are describing different work, not because one provider is expensive.

What monthly bookkeeping should include

  • Transaction coding against a chart of accounts built for your business
  • Reconciliation of every bank account, credit card, and loan
  • Recording payroll entries and tracking the associated liabilities
  • A month-end close with a defined date
  • Financial statements delivered on a schedule
  • A named person who knows your file

If a quote does not mention a close date or a delivery schedule, it is describing data entry rather than bookkeeping.

What is often extra

  • Accounts payable processing and payment preparation
  • Accounts receivable and collections follow-up
  • Payroll processing itself, as opposed to recording it
  • Sales tax filing
  • 1099 preparation
  • Inventory management
  • Job costing setup and maintenance
  • Cleanup of prior periods
  • Tax return preparation

None of these being included is a problem. Not knowing whether they are included is.

How providers differ

Independent bookkeepers

An independent bookkeeper may fit a defined scope. Evaluate capacity, review, security, continuity, backup coverage, specialization, communication, and ability to support growth rather than assuming quality or cost from the model.

Bookkeeping firms

Process, review layers, and cover when someone is away, at a higher price. Better suited once complexity or volume grows.

National online services

Lowest headline pricing and the least flexibility. Watch for proprietary software, which creates an exit problem, and check that your transaction volume fits the tier quoted.

What drives your price

  • Transaction volume, generally the largest factor
  • Number of accounts, cards, loans, and payment processors to reconcile
  • Whether payroll is involved, and headcount
  • Whether you need accrual reporting
  • Industry-specific requirements such as job costing or settlement splitting
  • The current state of your books

Revenue is not on the list. A high-revenue business with clean simple records is less work than a smaller one with disorganised ones.

Comparing quotes properly

Put the scope items above in a list and ask each provider to mark what is included, excluded, limited, or separately priced. Compare the same volume, condition, controls, review, timing, and deliverables before comparing total cost.

Define the exact scope

List entities, accounts, transaction sources, payment processors, payroll, receivables, payables, inventory, loans, fixed assets, sales tax, contractor records, reporting basis, close deadline, and required statements. Name what remains with the owner, tax preparer, payroll provider, or another specialist.

Require a controlled monthly close

The close should include complete transaction capture, bank and card reconciliations, receivables and payables review, payroll and tax liability tie-outs, loan and asset schedules, cutoff, unusual-item review, proposed adjustments, management questions, and final reporting approval.

Clarify deliverables and exclusions

State report names, dimensions, comparisons, delivery date, meeting cadence, response expectations, document requests, included corrections, cleanup, filings, advisory, and year-end handoff. Do not assume tax preparation, payroll, bill payment, invoicing, or CFO advice is included.

Review access and security

Use named accounts, multifactor authentication, minimum privileges, approved integrations, secure file transfer, periodic user review, backup coverage, incident contacts, and documented offboarding. Management should retain ownership and administrative access to core records.

Compare proposals fairly

Give providers the same volume, condition, systems, deadlines, and deliverables. Compare staff roles, review process, assumptions, limits, change orders, software costs, onboarding, cleanup, support, continuity, and exit terms. This page states no Steady pricing figures.

Onboarding and handoff checklist

  • Opening balances and prior close are reconciled
  • Chart of accounts and policies are approved
  • Source systems and access are mapped
  • Recurring entries and schedules are documented
  • Open questions have owners and dates
  • Tax-preparer requirements are confirmed
  • Exit files and access removal are defined

Example discovery package

Prepare entity details, prior financial statements, tax-return requirements, chart of accounts, transaction volumes, bank and card list, payment processors, payroll, sales channels, receivables, payables, loans, assets, inventory, sales-tax registrations, software, access map, and open problems.

Ask the provider to return a written scope with assumptions, exclusions, deliverables, close date, responsibilities, staff roles, review, security, pricing model, change rules, onboarding, cleanup, communication, continuity, and exit. Resolve differences before granting broad access.

Quality review questions

Do reconciliations identify preparer and reviewer? Can statements trace to the ledger and schedules? Are old items resolved rather than rolled forward? Are unusual entries supported and approved? Are deadlines met? Are management questions visible? Can another qualified person continue from the close file?

During the first close, compare the provider’s process with the agreed checklist. Confirm source completeness, reconciliations, schedules, cutoff, review notes, adjustments, delivery, and owner questions. Preserve the close package and use unresolved items to refine responsibilities. Do not accept a clean-looking report without the supporting reconciliations and audit trail.

Review scope when volume, systems, entities, staff, tax registrations, financing, or reporting needs change materially.

Frequently asked questions

How long before books are current?

If your records are up to date, from the next close. If they are behind, cleanup comes first as a defined project, and the duration depends on how far back and how disorganised.

What do I need to provide each month?

Provide controlled bank and card access for reconciliation, source documents, contracts, schedules, and timely answers to coding questions. A provider should surface unresolved facts and assumptions instead of silently choosing a treatment.

Can I keep some of it in-house?

Yes, and it is common to keep invoicing in-house while outsourcing the rest. Define the boundary explicitly, since gaps at the handover are where work gets missed.

What should monthly bookkeeping deliver?

At minimum, the agreed reconciliations, close checklist, open-item log, financial statements, supporting schedules, and documented questions or adjustments.

Does bookkeeping include tax preparation?

Not automatically. The engagement should state which tax, payroll, sales-tax, contractor, and filing tasks are included and who remains responsible.

How should a provider transition the books?

Transfer reconciled files, reports, schedules, policies, recurring entries, source map, access list, open items, filing history, and reviewer notes.

Turn this guide into action

Want a clearer, more dependable financial process?

Talk through your bookkeeping needs